Business Listing of The Maronites and Lebanon Cedarland
The Maronites and Lebanon Cedarland
Country: Lebanon
A complete history of the Maronites, their struggle for survival under occupation and their creation of a free and independent Lebanon, including a full and detailed account of the massacres of 1860.
The Maronites and LebanonMaronite history is coloured with the romance that attaches itself to astruggle of a determined people. Most nations in their history often haveto make a choice between confrontation or cooperation and time has shownus that minorities usually pay for their continued existence through deformationof character or out right collaboration. The Maronites through perpetualresistance and the preservation of a precarious independence have escapedthis fate. Not only have they survived,butthey have survived uncowed. The remarkable nature of their history lieshand in hand with that of Lebanon, for centuries being their retreat andfortress. Lebanon and the Maronites are inseparably attached. The Maroniteshave survived the storms of invasion, occupation, repression and suppressionfor over 1600 years, preserving their religion, traditions and state. Throughthe ages they refused to bow to their occupiers, at the height ofthe Umayyad dynasty the Maronites even exacted tribute as a price for theirgood behaviour, in due course their Christian neighbours all succumbedto Islam but not Lebanon, holding a Maronite majority well into the 20thcentury, even their Syriac (Christian Aramaic) language was widely spokenwell into the late 19th century and still survives today in their liturgyand in some of their villages. The mountain Maronites remain much as theearliest travellers found them, not having lost the virtues for which theyhave been admired. The ingenuity and perseverance with which they havetamed the hillsides is remarkable, striving for soil, capturing it fromrocks laboriously, foot by foot. Their terraced vines, piled verticallyone above the other, climb to the snows. Their minute orchards are oftenwedged in the faults and crannies of precipices. Such industry has itsreward, the very rocks have grown fertile. Their long political struggleand the effort to squeeze a livelihood from the rocks and precipices havemade them independent, courageous and provident.The Birth of theMaronites.Early Christianity in the region focused in and around the city of Antioch.The conversion of Antioch was carried out by the disciples of Jesus andthe faith of its inhabitants was further strengthened by the work of theapostles Paul and Barnabas. The church of Antioch itself was founded bySaint Peter who was bishop there before moving on to Rome, and it was inthis church where the disciples of Jesus were first called Christians.Along with Alexandria in Egypt and Constantinople, Antioch was one of themost important spiritual centres of the east. It outranked the others inbiblical scholarship. Two factors, however, led to the gradual decay ofthe church of Antioch: its political position as a buffer state betweenthe Byzantine Empire and its antagonistic powers; and its ecclesiasticaldivision by schisms and heresies.One of the most serious divisions of the early church was a result ofa conflict over the nature of the divinity and humanity of Christ himself.It was m
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